It is undeniable that nō theater, a form of art that emerged in medieval Japan at the end of the 13th c., is a genre of drama embodying the performing arts. It is thus non-existent if it is only on a piece of paper. Despite this, written texts are the absolute basis for all nō dramas, since in noh there is little room for changing an original text which has been constructed in accordance with established composition principles and filled with religious symbolism and references to many earlier Japanese literary works. Numerous versions of extant nō manuscripts contain a great amount of allusions to the classical Japanese poetry genre waka. It is believed that as Zeami Motokiyo (1363?-1443?), one of the most well-known and respected nō playwr...